DEFINITE ARTICLE - KIBAINISHI DHIHIRISHI "THE"

TODAY'S LESSON PLAN
* Maana ya kibainishi dhihirishi - Meaning of definite article
* Matumizi ya definite article "the"
* Misamiati ya leo
* Zoezi 2
* Hitimisho-Conclusion

DEFINITE ARTICLE "THE" - KIBAINISH DHIHIRISHI "THE"
Kibainishi dhihirish ni kibainishi ambasho hutumikka kwenye maeneo maalamu.hii inamaanisha kwamba kile kitu kinachosimamiwa na kibainishi "the" kiwe kinaeleweka na kujulikana vizuri.

Mfano:
Nilimuona msichana jana alikuja hapa

I saw a girl came here yesterday.

Sentensi hii inaonesha haijulikani ni mschana gani alikuja jana,ndio sababu kibainishi "a" kimetumika.Angalia sentensi inaayofuata:

I saw the girl who used to prepare meal for us came here yesterday.
Nilimuona msichana ambae huwa anatuandalia chakula alikuja hapa jana.

Hapa tunaongelea mschana  maalumu ambae anajulikana ndio sababu kibainishi "the" kimetumika

Mfano 2
This is a house
Hii ni nyumba



 
 This is the house where I live
  Hii ni nyumba ambayo naishi

• Sentensi ya kwanza  kibainishi "a"kimetumika kwa sababu ile ni nyumba ambayo hatuelewi undani wake,hatujui ni ya nani.

• Sentensi ya pili kibainishi" the"kimetumika kwa sababu hii ni nyumba inayojulikana ni ya nani na nani anaishi pale.

USES OF DEFINITE ARTICLE "THE"- MATUMIZI YA KIBAINISHI KIDHIHIRISHI "THE"
1. Unique things Vitu vya kipekee

Kibainishi hiki hutumika kubainisha vitu vya kipekee.
Mfano:
The Sun - Jua
The sea - Bahari
The sky - Anga
The moon - Mwezi
The Earth - Dunia

2. Particular persons or things - Watu au vitu maalumu vinavyojulikana.

Mfano
The man you met yesterday is my ancle.
Mwanaume uliekutana nae jana ni mjomba wangu.

3. Persons or things mentioned for second time - Watu au vitu vinapotajwa kwa mara ya pili .
Mfano
I bought a car .The car was expensive.
Nilinunua gari.Gari ilikuwa ya gharama.

Katika sentensi hii jina "car" limetajwa mara mbili,ilipotanjwa mara ya kwanza kibainishi "a" kimetumika na ilipotajwa mara ya pili kibainishi "the" kimetumika.

4. Singular noun representing the whole class - Jina moja linalowakilisha kundi zima

Mfano
The teacher should know the psychology of the student.
Mwalimu anapaswa kumjua mwanafunzi kisaikolojia.
Sentensi hii inamaanisha walimu wote wanapaswa kuwajua vizuri wanafunzi kisaikolojia

5. Name of rivers,mountains,oceans - Majina ya mito,milima na bahari
 Majina haya hubainishwa na kibainishi dhihirishi "the"

Mfano
The Everest
The Pacific Ocean
The Indian Ocean

6. Well known books - Vitabu  vinavyojulikana sana
Kuna vitabu vinajulikana sana duniani kotea kiasi kwamba mtu yeyote wa taifa lolote ukimtajia ataelewa unazungumzia kitabu gani,vitabu hivi hubainishwa na kibainishi dhihirishi "the" .
Mfano
The Bible
The Koran


7. Adjective used as noun - Kivumidhi kinapotumika kama jina
Mfano
The rich - Tajiri
The poor  - Masikini
The strong - Chenye nguvu
The weak  - Dhaifu

8.Direction

"The"hutumika kubainisha pande za Dunia
Mfano
The North  - Kaskazinii
The South - Kusini
The East - Mashariki
The West - Magharibi

TODAY'S VOCABOLARIES - MISAMIATI YA LEO
Vocabolary             Pronounciation                 Meaning

Abbreviate            - abriviet                    -      Fupisha

Abbreviation           - abrivieishen            -      Ufupisho

Abdicate                 - abdikeit                  -    Jihudhuru

Abduct                    - abdakt                   -     Kuteka

Abductee               -  abdaktii                  -      Mateka(alietekwa)

Abductor                - abdakta                   -       Mtekaji

 EXERCISE : ZOEZI
Fill in the blanks with suitable article:a ,an or the.
Jaza nafasi zilizowazi kwa kibainishi sahihi: a,an or the

1. My friend is ...................European
2. We read .................... Bible
3. Srilankais .................Island
4. Jenny bought ................umbrella
5. Mariana gave me ..............flower

CONCLUSION  - HITIMISHO
Kuna matumizi mengi sana ya kiambishi dhihirishi "the" ,tutaendelea kujifunza kadiri somo linavyoendelea.Cha msingi ni kuyafanyiakazi yale unayojifunza na kuweka bidii kubwa katika kujifunza hakika utafanikiwa kujua lugha ya kimataifa.Jizoeshe kusoma vitabu vya kiingereza utapata maarifa na kuendelea kujifunza zaidi

Your Tutor
Jenicia John
tlearning.blogspot.com